• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention refers to an extraction board (1) which, for example, is intended to be used for moving an injured person. The extraction board (1) comprises at least a first part (2) and at least a second part (3) which are telescopically adjustable to each other. The extraction board (1) further comprises at least one force-emitting unit (1 1) which, if necessary, emits force which tends to partially push apart the first part (2) and the second part (3). The present invention also comprises a method of use of the extraction board (1) where the extraction board (1) is initially placed in a compressed position between the back of the injured person and the vehicle seat backrest, after which the injured person is temporarily axed to the upper part (2) of the extraction board. Unique to the method is the force delivered by the force-emitting unit (1 1) can, if necessary, be used as an auxiliary force to move the extraction board (1), with the injured one, out of the vehicle seat while the extraction board (1) is extended. After the extraction board (1) with the injured person is removed from the vehicle seat, the extraction board (1) with the injured person is removed from the vehicle.
    公开号:SE1001047A1
    申请号:SE1001047
    申请日:2010-10-25
    公开日:2012-04-26
    发明作者:Bertil Jonsson
    申请人:Bertil Jonsson Med Jonber Konsult Fa；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Research has also determined the extent of all directions of movement between all vertebrae in the spine. Furthermore, the extent of harmful and risky joint mobility has also been documented, which risks leading to spinal cord exposure in the event of instability in the back.
    Spinal cord injuries occur through direct or indirect pressure on the spinal cord.
    Furthermore, spinal cord injuries can occur due to mechanical instability in the spine or caused by subsequent bleeding / swelling which causes pressure increase against the spinal cord.
    The instability of the spine is mainly due to fractures in the vertebrae of the spine. Instability in the spine can also be due to damage to the ligaments and disc.
    In order to avoid that injuries incurred in connection with the rescue work, persons in the rescue service and ambulance care in connection with the rescue work try to fi xer the injured person's neck and spine very carefully with the intention that movements causing consequential injuries are avoided. The fixation of the neck takes place, for example, by the rescue personnel initially performing a manual axing of the neck with the hands, which is later supplemented with a rigid neck collar which is applied to the injured person in the vehicle before he / she is taken out of the vehicle for transport to the emergency hospital for treatment.
    In connection with the extraction of injured people out of vehicles, extraction boards of different types with varying width and length are most often used. The longest of these boards are of full body length.
    Other extraction boards have a length corresponding to the length of a person's upper body (in a sitting position from the seat and upwards). It is common for both types to be used simultaneously in the extraction of an injured person. First, the short board is placed between the injured person's back and the backrest, after which the injured person is fixed to the board. The rescue personnel then lifts / pulls the short board backwards / upwards along the backrest. Meanwhile, the injured person's neck is fixed by an assistant. Another person lifts the injured person's legs so that they are kept in as straight a line as possible with the body. The injured person is often pulled over to a full-length board which is then pulled out of the car, for example through the rear window of the vehicle (if the roof of the vehicle is cut off, it is easier for the injured person to get out of the vehicle).
    Using more than one extraction board in connection with a rescue operation is associated with your problems. Of course, it is more difficult for rescue personnel to handle your rescue tools than necessary and equipment in your parts, for example, often takes up unnecessarily large space in rescue vehicles and more. Furthermore, it is not time efficient to have to surface damaged between different boards and time is an important factor in rescue work. A further problem is that the injured person's injuries can be aggravated by the fact that these have to be pulled from a half-length board to a full-length board in order to be moved out of, for example, a vehicle to a waiting ambulance stretcher or the like. There is thus a need for a single extraction board that can handle all rescue operations in, for example, an accident situation, from, for example, the axing inside a vehicle to the care at a healthcare facility.
    Prior art Extraction boards are known in a large number of different variants. For example, a divisible variant of an extraction board is described in patent specification WO9408542A1. The construction according to the patent specification differs to a large extent from the construction according to the present patent application. For example, according to the patent, the extraction board is not telescopically adjustable in the longitudinal direction of the extraction board.
    U.S. Pat. No. 3,707,734 discloses a variant of a stretcher which comprises two parts which can be used separately or interconnected. For example, the parts can be used as a "spine board" when moving an injured person, who is sitting in a vehicle seat in a vehicle, out of the vehicle. However, the construction according to the patent specification differs substantially from the construction according to the present patent application. For example, the length of the stretcher is not telescopically adjustable.
    U.S. Pat. No. 3,449,777 discloses a variant of a stretcher which comprises telescopically extendable and slidable parts in the longitudinal direction and transverse direction of the stretcher. The construction otherwise differs to a large extent in relation to the present patent application.
    For example, the stretcher is not intended and can be used when extracting an injured person out of a vehicle.
    U.S. Pat. No. 5,038,4926 describes a variant of a stretcher comprising a frame construction which is telescopically arranged in the longitudinal direction of the stretcher. The construction also includes energy accumulating springs which compress when the stretcher is telescopically shortened. The construction differs greatly from the present patent application. The construction is, for example, not intended (and not suitable) to be used as an extraction board in connection with rescue work of an injured person out of a vehicle.
    Brief Description of the Objects of the Present Invention The main object of the present invention is to create an improved extraction board which substantially facilitates the ability of rescue personnel to move injured out of vehicles. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for using the extraction board which entails a substantially reduced risk of the injured patient suffering consequential injuries during the extraction.
    Brief description of the figures referred to in the following paragraphs In the following detailed description of the present invention, reference and references to the following figures will be made. Each figure is briefly described in the following fi gur list. Note that the ur gures are schematic and that details can thus be omitted in these. The embodiments exemplified in the above are not limiting of the scope of protection of the present patent application.
    Figure 1 schematically shows the extraction board in a folded position.
    Figure 2 schematically shows the extraction board in an extended position.
    Figure 3 schematically shows the principle of longitudinal change of the extraction board.
    Figures 4 and 5 show a first alternative embodiment of the extraction board.
    Figures 6 to 12 show the sequential procedure in the use of the extraction board.
    Detailed Description of the Present Invention Referring to the gurus, there is shown an extraction board 1. The extraction board 1 is preferably intended to be used to move a person from one position to another in connection with rescue work or the like. Preferably, the extraction board 1 is intended to be used to move an injured person out of a vehicle in the event of, for example, a traffic accident or the like. The extraction board 1 can also be used in other contexts.
    The detailed design of the extraction board 1 can vary widely within the scope of the present invention. Common to possible embodiments of the extraction board 1, according to the present patent application, is that the length of the extraction board is arranged adjustably.
    The length of the board 1 can be adjusted in a number of different ways. In the embodiments shown in Figures 1 and 2, the length of the extraction board is adjusted telescopically (shortening and elongation) in that the extraction board comprises at least a first part 2 and at least a second part 3 which are telescopically arranged relative to each other in the longitudinal direction of the extraction board. The extraction board is telescopically adjustable between a folded position (according to fi gur 2) and a extended position (according to fi gur 1). In alternative embodiments of the extraction board, the extraction board may comprise at least three parts, of which at least two of these are telescopically arranged relative to each other. The technology shown in fi gurema is just one of the possible variants of techniques that can be used to enable a length adjustment of the extraction board.
    In the exemplary embodiment of the extraction board 1, the first part 2 comprises at least one first frame (or other name) 4 to which at least one first supporting structure (backrest, supporting segments, or the like) 5 is connected. In the exemplary embodiment, the first frame 4 consists of at least a first frame part 4a, at least a second frame part 4b (constitutes one end of the extraction board) and at least a third frame part 4c. The supporting structure 5 constitutes the backrest of the injured person. The second part 3, in the exemplary embodiment of the extraction board, further comprises at least a second frame 6 and at least a second supporting structure 7. In the exemplary embodiment, the second frame 6 consists of at least a first frame part 6a, at least a second frame part 6b (constitutes the other end of the extraction board) and at least a third frame part 6c. The first frame 4 and the second frame 6 can for instance consist of pipes, tubes or the like. In the embodiment shown in the diagrams, the first frame 4 and the second frame 6 are U-shaped. The shape of the first frame 4 and the second frame 6 can vary greatly within the scope of the present invention. The construction and shape of the supporting structures 5 and 6 can also vary greatly within the scope of the present invention.
    The first part 2 is preferably made of aluminum, polymeric material or the like.
    The first part may in alternative embodiments be made of another material suitable for the purpose or a combination of materials. The second part (insertable part) 3 can be made of aluminum, a polymeric material, fabric or of an armature suitable for the purpose or a combination of materials. The choice of material should also take into account any subsequent X-ray examinations of the injured person in hospital.
    The cross section of the extraction board 1 has a shape which allows a good fit between the injured person's back and the scaling of the backrest on the chair. The cross section of the extraction board may preferably be of a convex shape. In alternative embodiments, the transverse side of the stretcher may be of a different shape suitable for the purpose.
    The extraction board 1 further comprises a number of grips 8 or handles 9 or the like with which the extraction board can be gripped in connection with its use. In the simplest form, the grips 8 consist of parts of the frame, which presupposes that the supporting structures in connection with the frame comprise one or more recesses or the like. The handles 9 can for instance consist of loops formed by a strap or the like and connected to the frame 4.
    The extraction board 1 further comprises at least one erings xering belt 10 and preferably a fl number of fi xering straps 10. The fixing straps 10 are intended to be used to temporarily personenx the person to the extraction board in connection with the use of the extraction board.
    Preferably, the extraction board 1 is of two different types, one of which is relatively shorter and the other is relatively longer. The relatively shorter variant of the extraction board 1 is used if the roof of the vehicle is retained during the extraction. The relatively longer variant of the extraction board is used if the roof is removed from the vehicle during the extraction.
    Unique to the present extraction board 1 is that in preferred embodiments it comprises a function where at least one force-emitting unit 11, which is intended to force the first part 2 and the second part 3 to be pushed apart (and thereby increase the length of the extraction board) . The force for increasing the length of the extraction board, by partially pushing part 3 out of part 2, can for instance also be obtained from at least one energy accumulating unit 12. The energy accumulating unit accumulates energy in connection with the board being compressed (reduction of length of the extraction board) and releases energy at an extension of the extraction board. After the first part 2 and second part 3 of the extraction board have been compressed, and energy has accumulated in the energy accumulating unit 12 or in the energy accumulating units 12, the first part 2 (frame) and the second part 3 (frame) can be temporarily locked with each other by at least a locking device 13 and at least one release mechanism 14. The locking device 13 and the release mechanism 14 may consist of separate units or be integrated in one and the same unit. In alternative embodiments, it is conceivable that the first part 2 and the second part 3 of the extraction board 1 can be locked in olika your different levels of compression (stepwise or steplessly). In alternative embodiments, it is conceivable that the energy accumulating 12 units are located externally in relation to the extraction board 1.
    The energy accumulating unit 12 may consist of one or more springs 15 which are compressed by compression (shortening of) the extraction board 1. When the spring 15 is compressed, the springs are locked in the compressed position with the locking device 13. The spring 15 may for instance be a gas spring or other type of spring 15. Figure 3 shows an example of an extraction board 1 comprising at least one first energy accumulating unit and at least one second energy accumulating unit. The respective energy accumulating units each comprise at least one compression spring, or alternatively at least one gas spring). The total force, in the energy accumulated units (springs), can for example amount to between 300 - 800 N, preferably 500 N. The gas spring must include a function where this can be temporarily locked in a compressed position.
    In alternative embodiments, it is conceivable that the force-emitting unit 11 consists of a hydraulic, pneumatic or electrically driven force-emitting unit 11. This can be operated by means of a suitable control device placed adjacent to the handle 8. Using a hydraulically driven force-giving unit 11 usually does not constitute obstacles in rescue contexts as rescue vehicles usually include hydraulically driven functions.
    For example, hydraulics are used to drive scissors and the like with which poles and the like in the vehicle are cut off.
    To reduce the risk of the injured person sliding against the surface of the extraction board 1, for example when lining the extraction board 1 with the associated person, all or part of the surface of the first part of the extraction board is covered with a friction-increasing structure.
    The friction-creating structure can consist of a number of different materials and different types of surface structures. The friction-creating structure can be of a material with high friction in one longitudinal direction and a significantly lower friction in the other longitudinal direction.
    In cases where the extraction takes place from a vehicle that tilts sharply sideways, there is a risk that the injured person may slip off the extraction board l laterally. The first part 2 of the extraction board 1 can be equipped with removable side supports (not shown in fi gures) which are attached to the frame 4 and which prevent lateral movements of the injured person during the extraction. Alternatively, auxiliary straps 10 or a combination thereof are used.
    In alternative embodiments, the extraction board may be divisibly arranged in at least a first part and at least a second part. The division can take place so that the board is divided in width or length. An exemplary variant of this divisibly arranged extraction board is shown in Figures 4 and 5. In the exemplary embodiment, it resembles a so-called bucket stretcher.
    For example, the second frame part 4b, in the frame 4, is divisible and the second frame part 6b, in the second frame 6, is divisible. The divisibility can be achieved, for example, with quick couplings 16 or with other previously known and suitable coupling devices for the purpose. In the exemplary embodiment shown in Figures 4 and 5, the first supporting structure 5 is divided into a first supporting structure 5a and a second supporting structure 5b. The second supporting structure 7 is further divided into a first supporting structure 7a and a second supporting structure 7b. The first supporting structure 5a is connected to the first frame part 4a and the supporting structure 5b is connected to the frame part 4c. The second supporting structure 7a is connected to the first frame part 6a and the supporting structure 7b is connected to the frame part 6c. The first supporting structures 5a and 7a are in the embodiment shown in the telescopically arranged in each other. Furthermore, the other supporting structures Sb and 7b are further telescopically arranged in the embodiment shown. The divisible extraction board has the advantage that it can be divided in connection with the injured person being moved from the extraction board to, for example, the ambulance stretcher. Furthermore, the divisible extraction board can be more easily applied to injured people lying on the ground without the injured person having to turn around, as may be the case when an injured person has been thrown from a vehicle in connection with a crash or after a fall from a higher height, such as from a roof.
    The extraction board can preferably be used in a procedure for moving an injured person sitting in a chair out of a vehicle. This is shown in Figures 6 to 12 as a sequential image series. The visas gures show the use of the extraction board 1 in a vehicle where the roof has been removed. The extraction board can also be used in situations where the roof has not been removed from the vehicle.
    When using the extraction board 1, the extraction board 1 is initially retrieved from a storage location or the like in, for example, a rescue vehicle. The extraction board 1 is stored before use in a compressed position where the extraction board is locked with at least one locking device 13. If the extraction board 1 is not in a compressed position, the extraction board is first compressed and locked in the compressed position. In the vehicle, a general medical assessment of the injured person is initially made. Thereafter, if necessary, the injured person's neck is removed manually. After the manual axing of the injured person's neck, the injured person's neck is then usually fixed with a rigid neck collar or the like.
    Paramedics fix the injured person's neck and torso at the same time as the backrest folds back slightly if possible. If necessary, the staff can insert a towel against the injured person's back. The folded extraction board is then lowered between the injured person's back and the backrest of the chair, as shown in Figures 6 to 8. As shown in Figure 8, the extraction board is preferably placed as far down as possible towards the chair seat. After the extraction board has been positioned between the injured and the extraction board, the injured person is tillxered to the extraction board first part 2, which is also shown in figur 7. The person is fixed to the board with, for example, eringsxering straps 10 or similar. The fixation of the person to the board with the eringsxering straps 10 preferably takes place with fixing straps 10 pulled around the injured thigh, as shown in figures 1 and 2, for example. with erings xering straps shown in 1 gur 1 and 2. If necessary, fixing with other types of belt tensioning and belt positions may also be relevant, such as around the torso. The selection and placement of the axing belts is governed by the ascertained and / or expected damage picture of the injured party. The neck collar and the head of the injured person can, if necessary, also be fixed to the first part 2 of the extraction board with the aid of a so-called head stabilizer.
    After that person has been fixed to the extraction board 1 first part 2, the backrest of the chair is tilted backwards, as shown in Figure 9. If necessary, the backrest is cut away from the chair using, for example, a cutting tool. In order to increase the extraction space during the extraction, the rescue personnel can, if necessary, cut off other parts of the passenger compartment, such as, for example, the lower part of the steering wheel.
    Then start the fl removal (shown in fi gures 10 to 12) of the injured person out of the car. When moving, or shortly before starting to move the person out of the car, the reading of the springs is released if necessary. Through the method, the accumulated force in the spring frames will, if necessary, act as a lifting force (lifting aid) in the longitudinal direction of the extraction board (pulling direction). The force from the cap frame further means that the first part 2 and the second part 3 are displaced telescopically relative to each other, with the consequence that the extraction board is extended.
    This is illustrated in principle in Figures 10 to 12. Through the extension of the extraction board, the injured person receives support for the end and the lower extremities in connection with the injured person being ur moved out of the chair, which is also shown in fi gures 10 to 12. The extension of the extraction board also causes a bend of the injured knee joint is made impossible during the extraction, which entails a reduced risk that unwanted movements occur in a possibly injured and unstable part of the spine.
    After the person is axed to the extraction board, the person on the extraction board is moved out of the vehicles, as shown in Figures 10 to 12. A rope, wire or the like can be attached and attached to the first part 2 of the extraction board, whereby rescue personnel outside the vehicle can assist with traction in the rope. vaj em or similar to move the damaged and extraction board out of the vehicle. Through the procedure, the rescue personnel inside the vehicle need to lift less (with less force) and can therefore concentrate more on stabilizing the injured person's back while moving to a waiting transport to a hospital or the like. The transfer of the extraction board, in the extended position, out of the vehicles and to the further transport takes place essentially in accordance with previously known technology and is therefore not described in more detail in this patent application. At the appropriate time, the injured person is released from the extraction board and transferred by means of the towel possibly applied to another purpose suitable for fl aids, ambulance stretcher, trauma transfer or other suitable object. After use, the board is cleaned and maintained and prepared for the next rescue operation.
    The fixation of the injured person's neck / head takes place with previously known technology, such as with bowl-shaped pillows and straps or by one of the personnel from the rescue service flexing the neck / head during the extraction. In the detailed description, construction details and sub-methods may be omitted which will be apparent to a person skilled in the art to the method and device to which the device relates.
    Such obvious construction details and sub-procedures are included to the extent required to obtain a satisfactory application for the extraction board, as well as the procedure for using the extraction board, in accordance with the present patent application. Although certain preferred embodiments have been shown in more detail, variations and modifications of the method and apparatus may be apparent to those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains. All such modifications and variations are considered to fall within the scope of the appended claims. For example, it is conceivable that the extraction board may be used in applications other than those specified in this patent application.
    In alternative embodiments, it is conceivable that the divisibility of the extraction board can take place in a different way than that described in the exemplary variant. For example, the supporting structure 4 and the supporting structure 6 can be disengaged from all or parts of the frame 4 and the frame 6, respectively. It is further conceivable that the first supporting structure 5 and the second supporting structure 6 can be made divisible into at least two parts each. Due to the divisibility, the extraction board can be divided into at least two parts in the transverse direction of the board (in relation to the longitudinal direction of the board) which can be connected apart and connected together.
    Advantages of the invention.
    With the present invention a number of advantages are achieved. The most obvious advantage is that the extraction board according to the present invention substantially forcefully facilitates the rescue personnel's ability to move the injured out of the vehicle. Furthermore, the new extraction board enables an improved method for extraction of injured persons from vehicles, which entails a significantly reduced risk that the injured patient suffers consequential injuries to the spine or spinal cord during the extraction.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    An extraction board (1), for example intended to be used for moving an injured person whose extraction board (1) comprises at least a first part (2) and at least a second part (3), characterized in that the length of the extraction board (1) is adjustably arranged by the first part (2) and the second part (3) are mutually adjustable, and that the extraction board (1) comprises at least one force-emitting unit (1 1) which, if necessary, emits force which helps to push the first part (2) and the the second part (3) with a length increase of the extraction board (1) as a result.
    [2]
    The extraction board according to claim 1, characterized by the extraction board (1) comprises at least one axing belt (10) with which the injured person is temporarily fixed to the first part (2) of the extraction board (1).
    [3]
    Extrication board according to Claim 1, characterized in that the force-emitting unit (1 1) is hydraulically, pneumatically or electrically driven.
    [4]
    Extrication board according to claim 1, characterized in that the force-emitting unit (11) comprises at least one energy-accumulating unit (12), which accumulates energy when the extraction board (1) is reduced in length and releases energy when the extraction board (1) is extended.
    [5]
    Extrication board (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the energy accumulating unit (11) consists of at least one gas spring.
    [6]
    Extrication board (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the energy accumulating unit (11) consists of at least one compression spring (14).
    [7]
    Extraction board (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the extraction board comprises at least one locking device (13) and at least one release mechanism (14) with which the extraction board (1) can be locked in a compressed position and released from the compressed position.
    [8]
    Extraction board (1) according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extraction board (1) is divisibly arranged in at least a first part and at least a second part of the extraction board (1).
    [9]
    9.
    [10]
    10.
    [11]
    ll. Method for using an extraction board according to at least one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a fixation of the injured neck, if necessary, initially takes place, after which the compressed extraction board (1) is placed in a compressed position so far down between the back of the injured and the backrest of the chair as possible, after which the injured person is temporarily fixed to the upper part (2) of the extraction board (1), after which the force of the force-releasing unit (11) is used as an auxiliary force to surface the extraction board (1), with associated damage, out of the chair at the same time as the extraction board (1) is extended, after which the extraction board (1) and the injured person are removed from the vehicle. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the backrest falls backwards or is cut off before the extraction board is pulled out of the vehicle. Method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that at least one wire, rope, rope or the like is fastened to the extraction board (1) and that personnel on the outside of the vehicle can pull the wire, rope, rope or the like and thereby contribute to the force required to to surface the extraction board (l) and the damaged one out of the vehicle.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2012057668A1|2012-05-03|
    SE535535C2|2012-09-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    US2858879A|1956-07-03|1958-11-04|Branson Paul|Collapsible cot, chair, and stretcher|
    US3449776A|1967-09-11|1969-06-17|Randall D Brock|Stretcher|
    US3707734A|1971-03-17|1973-01-02|M Matthews|Universal spine and splinting board|
    US4579381A|1984-02-03|1986-04-01|Williams James D|Flexible utility stretcher|
    US5274864A|1992-10-08|1994-01-04|Air Methods|Knock down litter board|
    US5384926A|1993-10-20|1995-01-31|Al-Bargi; Hamed H.|Expandable litter apparatus|WO2016009100A1|2014-07-16|2016-01-21|Tarraga Flores Jose Javier|Rescue board|
    EP3047830B8|2015-01-26|2017-04-12|Moditech Rescue Solutions B.V.|A method of rescuing a subject positioned in a vehicle and a rescue device|
    CA2984501C|2015-05-01|2021-07-13|Fast Rescue Solutions, Llc|Emergency rescue stretcher and methods of using the same|
    RU183050U1|2017-08-07|2018-09-07|Федеральное государственное казенное военное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Военная академия материально-технического обеспечения имени генерала армии А.В. Хрулёва"|Cloak TENT SOLDIER'S FINISHED|
    USD855897S1|2017-12-22|2019-08-06|Fast Rescue Solutions, Llc|Quick-release strap|
    法律状态:
    2014-06-03| NUG| Patent has lapsed|
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1001047A|SE535535C2|2010-10-25|2010-10-25|Extrication board and method of using the extrication board|SE1001047A| SE535535C2|2010-10-25|2010-10-25|Extrication board and method of using the extrication board|
    PCT/SE2011/000187| WO2012057668A1|2010-10-25|2011-10-24|Extrication board and method for using the extrication board|
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